Azure

Azure Database for PostgreSQL AI Ready:Foundry 集成与 PostgreSQL 18 GA

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摘要

微软宣布 Azure Database for PostgreSQL 进一步强化“AI Ready”能力,新增与 Microsoft Foundry 的集成,可在 SQL 中直接调用 LLM、支持向量检索与 agent 工作流,同时带来 Parquet 访问、实时分析能力以及 VS Code 内一键预配等开发体验改进。与此同时,PostgreSQL 18 已在 Azure 上正式可用,并配合 V6 计算规格与 Elastic Clusters 提升性能和横向扩展能力,这意味着企业可在更统一、受治理的 PostgreSQL 平台上承载 AI、分析与事务型工作负载。

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引言

PostgreSQL 仍然是现代应用开发的默认选择之一,而 AI 工作负载正在提升数据层面的要求:低延迟检索、向量搜索、安全访问控制与实时分析——且不希望引入复杂管道。Microsoft 的最新更新将 Azure Database for PostgreSQL 定位为更具 AI Ready 特性的托管服务,同时也预览 Azure HorizonDB,面向下一代、可横向扩展且与 PostgreSQL 兼容的工作负载。

新增内容

1) 更快、更一体化的开发者体验

  • VS Code PostgreSQL extension 现在可以直接从 IDE 预配安全、完全托管的 Azure PostgreSQL 实例,减少依赖门户进行的配置步骤。
  • 预配的实例包含对 Microsoft Entra ID authenticationAzure Monitor 的内置支持。
  • GitHub Copilot 被定位为帮助开发者以自然语言编写、优化与排查 SQL,并能理解 schema 与查询模式。

2) 通过 Microsoft Foundry 实现数据库内 AI

  • Azure Database for PostgreSQL 现支持与 Microsoft Foundry 集成,使开发者能够在 SQL 中调用预先预配的 LLM,用于文本分类、embedding 生成等场景。
  • 面向向量工作负载,重点强调 DiskANN vector indexing 可实现高性能相似度搜索,并结合 semantic ranking 提升检索场景的相关性(例如 RAG、推荐、自然语言界面)。

3) 使用 MCP 的 agentic 工作流

  • 全新的 Model Context Protocol (MCP) server for PostgreSQL 支持以“少量点击与权限配置”将 PostgreSQL 连接到 Foundry 的 agent 框架,使 agent 能够基于结构化数据进行推理并编排 LLM 调用——同时保持在 Azure 的安全与治理模型之内。

4) 实时分析与 Parquet 访问

  • 保持分析结果实时性的选项包括:将业务数据镜像到 Microsoft Fabric,以接近实时的方式分析,并将对主数据库的影响降到最低。
  • Azure Storage Extension 增加了对 Azure Storage 中 Parquet 读/写 的支持,可直接从 PostgreSQL 通过 SQL 访问,降低 ETL 的复杂度。

5) 性能与规模更新

  • PostgreSQL 18 现已在 Azure 上正式可用(GA),并强调了 I/O 性能、vacuuming 与查询规划方面的改进。
  • 新的 V6 compute SKUs 旨在提供更高吞吐与更低延迟。
  • Elastic Clusters 支持横向扩展,面向多租户与高数据量工作负载。

对 IT 管理员与平台团队的影响

  • 预计开发者工具(VS Code/Copilot)与平台治理(Entra ID、监控)会更紧密对齐,可提升采用速度——但也会增加对标准化部署模式的需求。
  • 数据库内 AI 与向量索引可能将工作负载从独立的向量存储/服务迁移到 PostgreSQL,从而改变容量规划、性能测试与成本模型。
  • Fabric 镜像与 Parquet 访问可能减少管道蔓延,但需要明确的数据治理、保留策略与访问边界。

行动项 / 下一步

  1. 审查身份与访问策略:验证 PostgreSQL 的 Entra ID auth 模式、最小权限角色与审计要求。
  2. 试点 AI 检索模式:使用具有代表性的数据与延迟目标,测试 DiskANN/向量索引与 semantic ranking。
  3. 更新运维手册(runbooks):纳入 PostgreSQL 18 相关注意事项、监控基线与扩展指南(V6 SKUs、Elastic Clusters)。
  4. 评估数据架构:评估 Fabric 镜像或 Postgres 内 Parquet 能否降低你环境中的 ETL 复杂度。
  5. 关注 HorizonDB:若你有超低延迟或横向扩展需求,可在 Microsoft 账号团队提供渠道后考虑加入 private preview。

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